Initiation of angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARBs) was associated with a reduced risk of incident all-cause dementia compared to ACE inhibitors (HR 0.92; 95% CI 0.89-0.94).
Cohort (n=1,925,563)
Yes
Does initiation of ARBs compared to ACEIs reduce the risk of incident dementia in patients requiring antihypertensive therapy?
Initiating ARBs instead of ACEIs is associated with a significantly lower risk of incident all-cause and vascular dementia in patients requiring antihypertensive therapy.
Effect estimate: HR 0.92 (95% CI 0.89-0.94)
BACKGROUND: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARBs) are first-line antihypertensive drugs for many patients, and influencing angiotensin systems may play a role in dementia risk. This study aimed to investigate whether exposure to different antihypertensive drug classes compared with ACEI affects the risk of dementia and pathological dementia subtypes in a large multinational database study. METHODS: This was a multinational population-based cohort study using electronic health databases in Hong Kong, the UK, Sweden and Australia. A common protocol was used to harmonise the study design. An active comparator, a new user design, was applied to compare the risk of all-cause dementia between different antihypertensive drug classes, with secondary outcomes of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD). Adjusted Cox proportional hazards models with inverse probability of treatment weighting were used to generate results in each study site and were pooled in meta-analysis. RESULTS: One million nine hundred twenty-five thousand, five hundred sixty-three individuals were included across the four databases with a median follow-up ranging from 5.6 to 8.4 years. Compared to ACEI, initiation with ARB was associated with a reduced risk of incident all-cause dementia hazard ratio (HR): 0.92, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.89-0.94 and VaD (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.78-0.96) but not AD. CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest multinational cohort study conducted to date investigating different classes of antihypertensive drugs and the risk of incident dementia. When initiating antihypertensives, physicians and patients should consider the reduced risk of all-cause dementia and VaD with ARB compared with ACEI in their risk-benefit assessment.
Cheung et al. (Thu,) conducted a cohort in Hypertension (n=1,925,563). Angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARBs) vs. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) was evaluated on Incident all-cause dementia (HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.89-0.94). Initiation of angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARBs) was associated with a reduced risk of incident all-cause dementia compared to ACE inhibitors (HR 0.92; 95% CI 0.89-0.94).