Enhancing Veterinary Anatomy Education Outcomes through a Multimodal, Student-Centered Approach

Veterinary anatomy education has traditionally relied on in-class lectures and cadaveric dissection labs. However, this approach is limited in accessibility and visualization of complex structures, raising ethical concerns regarding animal use and welfare. To address these challenges, we implemented a unique multimodal, student-centered teaching approach in two veterinary anatomy courses and explored its feasibility and impact. This approach integrated various digital resources (virtual flashcards, 3D anatomical models, educational websites, video demonstrations) and active learning strategies (peer instruction, collaborative learning, project-based learning, and guided pre-lab video preparation). The study involved 60 second-year veterinary students and employed a mixed-methods evaluation, combining student surveys and comparisons of exam performance with a previous cohort as a control. The results revealed overwhelmingly positive student feedback, with learners reporting enhanced understanding of anatomical concepts, increased engagement and motivation, and improved collaboration and communication skills. The multimodal group outperformed the traditional group with average exam scores increasing by 5–7 percentage points (p < 0.001). Survey results showed strong student approval, with 85–90% agreeing that interactive tools enhanced their learning. Implementing digital resources also allowed a ~20% reduction in the number of cadavers used, contributing to improved alignment with animal welfare principles. These findings underscore the effectiveness of a multimodal, student-centered approach in veterinary anatomy education, providing a more accessible, engaging, and effective learning experience while adhering to the 3Rs principles of animal welfare. This comprehensive approach reinforces content mastery and fosters critical thinking, problem-solving, and better prepares students for the dynamic landscape of veterinary medicine.