July 15, 2025

Analysis of the Current Status of Routine Emergency Management of Public Health Emergencies in Primary and Secondary Schools: A Sampling Study Based on 399 Schools in Beijing, China

XHX T HouKunming University of Science and Technology MGMei GuCapital Medical University JZJingwei ZhaoXiaomi (China)

Key Points

Beijing schools have nearly universal coverage of the 'Two Plans and Nine Systems' for public health management.
However, only 16.29% reported regular environmental health inspections, highlighting a critical weakness.
99.25% of schools formulated emergency plans, with 67.92% conducting emergency drills each semester.
Significant disparities in first-aid equipment distribution were noted, especially in access to AEDs among different school types.

Abstract

Abstract Objective To analyze the current status of public health emergency management in primary and secondary schools in Beijing through cross-regional and cross-educational-stage comparisons, providing a scientific basis for optimizing the schools' routine emergency prevention and control systems. Method A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was employed to select 399 primary and secondary schools in Beijing for a questionnaire survey. Result In terms of policy implementation, 99.75% of schools achieved near-universal coverage of the "Two Plans and Nine Systems" framework; however, environmental health inspection reporting (16.29%) and student health management/vaccination systems (15.04%) emerged as weak points. The emergency plan formulation rate reached 99.25%, while 67.92% of schools conducted emergency drills once per semester. Regarding resource allocation, basic protective supplies and disinfection materials were well-equipped, though Chi-square tests (χ²) revealed structural disparities in first-aid equipment: suburban areas demonstrated the highest Automated External Defibrillator(AED) configuration rate (99.32%), fixed AEDs showed optimal coverage in primary schools (77.30%), and portable AED availability led in integrated schools (52.00%). Conclusion Beijing's primary and secondary schools have established a public health emergency prevention and control system featuring the "Two Plans and Nine Systems" framework as its top-level design, routine emergency drills as its implementation pathway, and first-aid facility reserves as its foundation. However, three key shortcomings persist: weak implementation of environmental health inspections, insufficiently refined health monitoring, and uneven distribution of emergency medical resources (particularly AEDs). Recommendations include establishing diversified funding mechanisms, optimizing resource allocation pathways, and strengthening inter-departmental collaboration to systematically enhance school emergency management efficacy.

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