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In the modern era the entropy generation is an important phenomenon in industrial, automotive and mechanical engineering applications such as power collection system, cryogenic, thermal energy storage, electronics, information systems, heat exchangers and geothermal systems etc. Especially the rheological nanomaterials invoking Cattaneo-Christov flux theory for thermal transport are useful in processes related to cooling electronic devices, energy storage, cooling microchips, solar energy and thermal energy technology. Therefore, here the Cattaneo-Christov theory for Carreau nanomaterial flow due to stretched cylinder is considered. Nonlinear mixed convection and convective conditions are considered. Heat equation comprises radiation and heat generation. Dufour and Soret features are discussed. Brownian movement and thermophoresis diffusions are considered. Binary reaction of first order is discussed. Dissipation is not accounted. New formulation of entropy rate for radiation and heat generation in view of Cattaneo-Christov theory is first time correctly developed. Optimal homotopy analysis method (OHAM) computed the nonlinear differential systems. Solutions convergence through individual and total residual errors is organized. Flow, temperature, entropy rate, and concentration are deliberated. Physical features of thermal transport rate and Sherwood number for influential parameters are examined. Velocity for curvature is enhanced. Similar response can be seen for entropy rate and temperature through thermal relaxation time. An enhancement in Nusselt number holds for Dufour number and thermal relaxation time variable. An opposite behaviors for Sherwood number and concentration occurs through solutal relaxation time and reaction parameters. An intensification in entropy rate against radiation and solutal relaxation time variables witnessed.
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Tasawar Hayat
Aqsa Razzaq
Sajjad Shaukat Jamal
SHILAP Revista de lepidopterología
Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
Quaid-i-Azam University
Macau University of Science and Technology
King Khalid University
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Hayat et al. (Tue,) studied this question.
www.synapsesocial.com/papers/69dcc321f7297818863595fa — DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2025.106669