Computed tomography of pediatric abdominal trauma: optimizing utilization and enhancing diagnostic interpretation

Abstract Abdominal trauma is the leading cause of fatal injuries in pediatric patients, affecting approximately 25% of children with major trauma. Computed tomography (CT) remains the gold standard imaging modality for assessing stable patients with potential abdominal injuries. This review outlines CT protocols specifically adapted for the pediatric population in the context of blunt abdominal trauma, with a focus on strategies to mitigate radiation exposure. It also highlights the 2018 update of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma Organ Injury Scale—a detailed classification system ranging from grade I (minor) to grade V (severe)—and explores its relevance and impact on the management of pediatric patients compared to adults. A series of CT images illustrating the different grades of abdominal injuries along with a structured interpretation algorithm are provided to act as a pocket guide for radiology residents in emergency settings. Graphical Abstract