To report the first systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) for the effect of intraoperative music intervention on anxiety and pain control in patients undergoing kidney surgery. A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane up to November 2024. Outcomes included visual analog score (VAS) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used for data pooling of continuous variables. In addition, sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the stability of the results. All analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.4 and STATA 15.1. The meta-analysis revealed that patients in the music intervention group had significantly lower postoperative VAS (SMD: -0.65; 95% CI: -0.93, -0.38; P＜0.00001) and STAI scores (SMD: -0.48; 95% CI: -0.71, -0.26; P＜0.0001) compared to those in the control group. Significant heterogeneity was observed for both outcomes. In addition, sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of both outcomes, but VAS was found to have significant publication bias. Music intervention can significantly reduce the postoperative VAS and STAI of patients undergoing renal surgery, and effectively control the anxiety and pain caused by surgery. Considering the potential heterogeneity, publication bias, and low regional selection bias in this study, more large-sample, multicenter RCTs are needed in the future to further confirm the effect of music intervention on pain and anxiety relief in individuals undergoing renal surgery and potential influencing factors.
Lou et al. (Tue,) studied this question.
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