Open pyometra in a young female dog

Pyometra is one of the most common pathologies affecting the reproductive system of females, including canines. This condition is characterized by mucopurulent secretion in the uterine lumen and can be classified into open- and closed-cervix pyometra. This pathology is often seen in middle-aged to elderly female dogs because of increased exposure to progesterone and in animals subjected to the use of exogenous progestogens. The most common clinical signs are mucopurulent or bloody discharge from the vulva, swollen vulva, fever, vomiting, anorexia, lethargy, polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss, and prostration. Pyometra may result in uterine enlargement, torsion, rupture, and septicemia. This report describes the case of a young female dog with open pyometra, which was 1 year and 22 days old and had not been exposed to exogenous progestogens. This fact highlights the need to understand the pathology as timely diagnosis aids in rapid and effective treatment.