Purpose This study aims to develop a framework for measuring social impact in halal business by examining how halal certification, marketing strategies, product innovation, community engagement and supply chain transparency influence consumer trust. In this model, consumer trust functions as a mediating variable, while regulatory frameworks serve as a moderating factor. Design/methodology/approach This study uses structural equation modeling using partial least squares with data collected from 913 Indonesian respondents through an online survey on the social impact of halal business practices. Indonesia was selected due to its large halal market, substantial Muslim population and the rapid development of halal-related regulations. Findings This study explores the social impact of halal businesses, with a particular focus on the role of consumer trust. The negative association between halal certification and trust raises important concerns, which may stem from limited consumer awareness or perceived lack of transparency in the certification process. The greater emphasis on marketing over trust suggests the need for more balanced and trust-oriented strategies. Enhancing community engagement and improving supply chain transparency are identified as key factors that can strengthen the social value and impact of halal businesses. Research limitations/implications This study focuses on selected constructs within the Maslahah–Triple Bottom Line (TBL) framework, which may overlook other relevant factors influencing consumer trust and social impact. In addition, the findings may have limited generalizability due to the sample size and geographic concentration in a single country. Practical implications This study offers important implications for halal business practitioners. Firms should improve transparency in communicating the halal certification process and align marketing strategies with Islamic values to build stronger consumer trust. From a policy perspective, regulatory bodies may consider reforming the halal certification system to enhance its accountability and improve public understanding. Originality/value The Maslahah–TBL framework integrates Islamic ethical principles with the TBL concept to assess the social impact of halal businesses. This approach provides a novel perspective by positioning societal well-being as an essential component of business strategy.
Razak et al. (Fri,) studied this question.