Emulsion is the mixture of two immiscible liquid (water and oil) that found themselves together under agitation and turbulence in the presence of emulsifying agents like resins, fines, paraffins, sand etc. Crude oil emulsion is one of the major challenges in petroleum production and processing operations in the oil and gas industry. Several methods like chemical, thermal, and electrical or combination have been adopted to surmount these production challenges in the industry. In this study, the focus is on the chemical method (demulsifier) hence it is the most widely used method in Nigeria. The aim of this study is to develop a novel local demulsifier to address and avoid the formation of crude oil emulsions in the oil and gas sector while the objectives are to design novel demulsifiers from a local source, treat crude oil emulsion at various bottle test ratios and to determine the percentage of basic sediments and water (BS&W) left in the treated crude emulsion. An emulsion sample of crude oil was obtained and treated with three reagents. The analysis of the three reagents revealed that the treated crude substance formed an emulsion. The LD2 reagent demonstrated the most effective treatment in the confirmatory test, resulting in 86% oil, 12% sludge, and 2% water at a ratio of 0.2. Servo and LD1 both confirmed that the substance is composed of 90% oil and 10% contaminants, with a ratio of 0.6. LD1 outperformed Servo in the following ratios. Locally sourced demulsifiers demonstrate a high capacity to resolve emulsion challenges in the oil and gas sector and can serve as a cost-effective alternative to foreign demulsifiers, given their biodegradable nature.
Chukwudi et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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