A Review of the Pharmacological Effects of Ginkgo Biloba Extract

As an extract from a traditional medicinal plant, ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) has complex chemical components and diverse pharmacological activities that have always been a research hotspot in the medical field. This article systematically reviews the main components and extraction processes of GBE. From multiple aspects such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protection, neural regulation, intervention in metabolic diseases, and respiratory system protection, this review explores GBE’s pharmacological effects and mechanisms of action, combined with clinical research and experimental data. Further, this review analyzes the research progress of GBE in antibacterial activity, drug interactions, and safety evaluation, aiming to provide a comprehensive theoretical reference for clinical application and subsequent research of GBE.