The present research undertakes a historical and semantic exploration of the term itranslation/i, tracing its conceptual and linguistic evolution from antiquity to modernity. Rooted in a comparative approach, it examines the development of the term in both French and English, while contextualising its cultural and ideological underpinnings across key historical epochs. From the Greek imetaphrasis/i and Roman iinterpretatio/i to the medieval and Renaissance reconfigurations of textual transfer, this study traces the shifting meanings and practices associated with the concept of ito translate/i. Special attention is given to the French linguistic transition from itranslater/i to itraduire/i, revealing deeper insights into how language reflects epistemological change. Moreover, the research explores the emergence and transformation of the figure of the dragoman, a term of Eastern origin, and its reception within the Western tradition. By charting the evolution of translation as both a term and a practice, this study illuminates the rise of two central agents—the translator and the interpreter—and frames the conceptual tension between iContent Translation/i and iQuality Translation/i, a dichotomy born from centuries of cultural negotiation and linguistic innovation.
Mohamed Raïhani (Wed,) studied this question.