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September 10, 2025

Determining the influence of bench geometry and rockfall debris volume on its maximum kinetic energy by creating an approximate regression model

Key Points

The regression models indicate a distinct link between kinetic energy and debris volume depending on bench geometry.
Modeling results align closely with numerical simulations, enhancing confidence in using them for practical applications.
The study identifies critical differences in energy dependence for debris volumes of 0.5 to 4 m3 and 4 to 16 m3.
These findings may guide the design of anti-rockfall structures for both operational and planned quarries.

Abstract

In this paper, we study the influence of the quarry bench geometry and the volume of rockfall debris on its kinetic energy. Based on the results of numerical modeling in the RAMMS: ROCKFALL software package, regression models were obtained that describe the dependence of the kinetic energy of the debris on its volume for various combinations of bench heights and angles. It was revealed that the dependence of the debris energy on the bench geometry is different for volumes from 0.5 to 4 m3 and from 4 to 16 m3. The regression models showed high convergence with the results of numerical modeling, which will allow them to be used in the future to calculate the optimal characteristics of special anti-rockfall structures, both for deposits already put into operation and for deposits at the design stage.

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