The basis of the theory of conservation as a prerequisite for its application

An integral part of theory, a prerequisite for its predictive and explanatory function, is its empirical layer - the generalization, sorting and explanation of empirical findings. The latter are also a guarantee of objective confrontability with the addressed area of reality and, consequently, of the theory's plausibility and applicability. The article deals with the fact that in the theory of conservation the sources of knowledge of the phenomena addressed (the state of conservation) are insufficiently provided and mediated. The analysis of the field practice is unsatisfactory. This is done in a number of forms, but especially by interpreting only subjective experience and also by theoretical research of a qualitative nature. What is absent, however, is empirical research that is quantitative or quantitative-qualitative, ideally on a regional or national scale. By analysing a range of theoretical writings, both international and domestic (doctrinal documents, articles, concepts and strategies), the causes and consequences of the existing situation are outlined. As a solution, the author proposes the development of broader empirical research in 3 main research areas: analysis of the state and quality (effectiveness) of conservation practice, economic analysis, analysis of the relationship of society to heritage sites. The context of practice research for the needs of field theory are discussed, and the subject of the essay is effectively field metatheory.