Introduction: The increasing complexity and demands of the work environment in the health sector have placed psychosocial risk factors as one of the main concerns for the health and well-being of health workers. These risks, defined as those elements present in the organization, the content and the performance of the work that can negatively affect the physical and mental health of employees. Objective: The main objective is to carry out a theoretical sweep of the psychosocial risk factors that affect health workers at a national and international level. Methodology: The methodology of the article is based on a qualitative approach with bibliographic review and documentary analysis. Heuristics are used to discover and compile documents related to psychosocial risk factors in the health sector, especially in Colombia, and hermeneutics is used to interpret existing texts and research in order to understand the variables involved. Results: It is evident that health sector workers are chronically exposed to psychosocial risk factors, especially high psychological demands, low social support and poor quality of leadership. It was identified that these factors generate a high risk for the mental and physical health of healthcare personnel, manifesting in symptoms such as emotional exhaustion, digestive disorders, insomnia, muscle tension and emotional exhaustion.
Trujillo et al. (Thu,) studied this question.