CRISPR/Cas technologies in pancreatic cancer research and therapeutics: recent advances and future outlook

Pancreatic cancer is marked by a poor prognosis and an exceptionally high mortality rate, with its aggressive nature contributing to its classification as a highly malignant disease. For effective therapeutic strategies, the development of sophisticated and regulated DNA manipulation methods is essential. Originally part of the prokaryotic immune system, CRISPR/Cas has emerged as a pivotal genome-editing tool with promising applications in pancreatic cancer research and therapy. This gene editing method is known for simplicity, rapid advancement, and superior precision compared to earlier techniques. Its adaptability allows precise gene editing for therapeutic purposes, including oncogene silencing and correction of pathogenic mutations. Additionally, CRISPR-driven gene editing has facilitated the development of pancreatic cancer models, which serve as valuable platforms for drug discovery and personalized treatment strategies, offering deeper insights into the genetic landscape of pancreatic tumors. This article provides an overview of the current applications of CRISPR technology in gene therapy and cancer research, particularly in the context of pancreatic cancer, and lays the foundation for future studies.