The increasing global demand for sustainable food production necessitates the adoption of low-carbon and efficient agricultural practices. This study explores the application of smart farming technologies to chili cultivation, particularly in Indonesia, a region where chili farming significantly contributes to the agricultural economy but faces challenges of resource inefficiency and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Smart farming integrates Internet of Things (IoT) devices, automated irrigation, and precision agriculture to optimize water, fertilizer, and energy use, reducing the carbon footprint of chili production. The research, conducted through a systematic literature review, identifies strategies such as IoT-enabled soil moisture sensors, precision irrigation systems, and targeted fertilization techniques. These approaches collectively enhance resource efficiency and mitigate environmental impacts. When integrated with renewable energy solutions, such as solar-powered irrigation, these technologies further reduce reliance on fossil fuels, promoting both economic viability and environmental sustainability. Key findings reveal that precision agriculture not only mitigates GHG emissions but also improves crop resilience and profitability by reducing input costs and enhancing yields. The integration of renewable energy further aligns chili farming with Indonesia’s climate action goals, promoting a model for sustainable agricultural development. This study underscores the importance of adopting low-carbon smart farming practices to achieve greater agricultural resilience, food security, and environmental stewardship in the face of climate change.
Purboseno et al. (Tue,) studied this question.