Wilms’ tumor in horseshoe kidney: Possibilities of organ-preserving treatment (a clinical case)

Relevance: Horseshoe kidney is the most typical kidney fusion anomaly among children (0.25%) and is associated with various urological and non-urological abnormalities. Wilms' tumor is the most common malignant neoplasm of the kidneys and the third most common solid malignant neoplasm in pediatrics.The study aimed to present a clinical case of Wilms' tumor detected in a horseshoe kidney, describing the diagnostic and treatment methods.Methods: The article describes a clinical case of Wilms' tumor in the horseshoe kidney of a 4-year-old girl treated at the Moscow Regional Oncological Dispensary (Balashikha, Russia).Results: A combined treatment was performed, including neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy and surgical resection of the left half of the horseshoe kidney at the isthmus level. At the time of writing, there were no manifestations of the disease.Conclusion: The clinical case highlights the importance of a timely diagnosis of Wilms' tumor and the initiation of treatment, whichsignificantly contributes to a favorable outcome. Early diagnosis and treatment allowed a particular patient to evaluate all possible outcomes and determine further tactics. This made it possible to remove Wilms' tumor localized in the horseshoe kidney with minimal loss of renal and urinary system function.