Abstract Proventricular and ventricular tumours affecting psittacine species are an underrepresented disease in the literature. However, antemortem diagnosis of these neoplasms is challenging due to many factors, including patient stability, limited imaging modalities, the potential for non‐diagnostic samples, and most importantly, how the neoplasm develops within the proventriculus, isthmus and ventriculus. This case series presents five adult birds: a grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus) of undetermined sex, a double yellow‐headed Amazon parrot (Amazona oratrix) of undetermined sex, a female budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) , a female yellow‐collared macaw ( Primolius auricollis ), and a male orange‐wing Amazon (Amazona amazonica) . In all cases presented, the tumours were identified via histopathology. One tumour was diagnosed as a ventricular mucinous adenocarcinoma, three tumours were adenocarcinomas within the isthmus, and one tumour was a papillary squamous cell carcinoma within the ventriculus and oesophagus. This case series highlights the challenges of antemortem diagnosis of these infiltrative gastric neoplasms and their clinical signs.
Penticoff et al. (Wed,) studied this question.