This research endeavour examines the ecocritical dimensions of Qurratulain Haider’s novel Fireflies in the Mist (originally Akhir-i-Shab k Hamsafar in Urdu), a novel set against the backdrop of World War II, the partition of India, and the creation of Bangladesh. It employs a qualitative analysis approach and draws upon ecocritical theory and literary analysis techniques to explore the representation of ecological elements in the narrative. Through close examination of the text, the analysis reveals how characters’ interactions with the environment reflect societal attitude towards nature and culture. By applying Rob Nixon’s concepts of ‘Slow Violence’ and ‘Environmentalism of the Poor,’ this study investigates how the novel depicts the environmental degradation effected or largely contributed by colonialism, war, and the partition. It also reveals how these events and practices disproportionately affect marginalized communities instead of those who perpetuate them. The findings emphasize the significance of the synthesis of human and non-human experiences and the impact of environmental destruction on the underprivileged. The study highlights the need to consider ecological perspectives in literary analysis and it reiterates how literature can reveal the deep connections between environmental issues, social inequalities, and historical events. Its findings also inform environmental and social justice policies, and highlight the need to protect both people and the planet. In conclusion, this critical examination contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing insight into Haider’s portrayal of environmental justice and the enduring consequences of socio-political violence on both people and the environment.
Ashraf et al. (Sun,) studied this question.