A Short Review: Diagnosis and New Therapy of Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition marked by challenges in social interaction and communication, alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors. Given its rising global prevalence, a thorough understanding of contemporary diagnostic methodologies and therapeutic advancements is crucial. This review synthesizes recent progress in ASD diagnosis, highlighting the significance of early detection through validated screening tools and comprehensive clinical evaluation, which are pivotal for timely intervention. Furthermore, it delves into novel therapeutic strategies, moving beyond conventional behavioral approaches. We explore emerging pharmacological interventions targeting core symptoms and underlying neurobiological mechanisms, alongside innovative non-pharmacological modalities, including digital health solutions, targeted nutritional support, and neuromodulation techniques. The review highlights the importance of personalized, multidisciplinary care in enhancing long-term outcomes. Ultimately, this paper advocates for continued research into precise diagnostic biomarkers and more efficacious, individualized therapies to profoundly improve the quality of life for individuals with ASD.