Innovative technologies in the use and protection of the environment: legal challenges of today

Problem setting. The article aims to investigate the legal challenges associated with the implementation of innovative technologies in the field of environmental protection in Ukraine. The study emphasizes the importance of updating the legal framework to foster the integration of green and digital innovations aimed at sustainable development. Legal relations regarding the use and protection of the environment in the innovative sphere have repeatedly attracted the attention of researchers. Analysis of recent researches and publications. The issue under consideration has been given attention in one way or another by such leading scientists as: A. P. Getman, E. M. Bilousov, I. V. Anisimova, V. L. Bredikhina, D. V. Zadykhailo, D. D. Zadykhailo, G. I. Balyuk, M. V. Krasnova and other leading scientists-researchers. Target of the research. The research is based on general scientific and special legal methods, including comparative legal analysis, formal-legal method, and systemic-structural approach. The study also involves an examination of relevant Ukrainian legislation and European Union legal norms. Article’s main body. The study identifies key legal issues that hinder the effective implementation of environmental innovations, such as regulatory gaps, lack of alignment with EU standards, and underdeveloped judicial mechanisms for protecting intellectual property in green technologies. Real-life examples of technological solutions, including automated environmental monitoring systems and digital tools in climate policy, are presented. Additionally, the article proposes specific directions for improving the legal regulation of environmental innovations. Conclusions and prospects for development. In the current conditions of global environmental challenges and climate change, the introduction of innovative technologies in the field of environmental protection is of key importance for ensuring sustainable development. Ukraine, as a state that has declared a European integration vector and strives to achieve climate neutrality, has every reason to actively involve and develop "green" innovations. However, the effectiveness of these processes largely depends on the level of legal support and the readiness of state institutions to adapt to new realities. The problems analyzed in the study indicate that national legislation requires systematic improvement. Among the priority tasks are the elimination of legal gaps and conflicts, harmonization with European environmental standards, as well as the introduction of incentive mechanisms for business, science and civil society. An important direction is the formation of a clear terminological base in the field of environmental innovations, which will contribute to transparency and legal certainty. The experience of implementing digital solutions, automated monitoring systems, eco-startups and innovation support institutions shows that technological solutions can significantly improve the state of the environment. However, their development is impossible without appropriate legal support, intellectual property protection, effective environmental control and state funding. Thus, the integration of innovations into the field of environmental protection should be comprehensive, covering legal, economic, technical and social instruments.