Biobased Nanomaterials in Drug Delivery System: Current Trends and Future Prospectives

Biobased nanomaterials have emerged as a transformative platform in drug delivery systems, offering significant advantages such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and reduced toxicity compared to conventional synthetic nanocarriers. This review comprehensively explores current trends in the synthesis, functionalization, and application of biobased nanomaterials including polysaccharides, proteins, lipid-based carriers, dendrimers, and green-synthesized metallic nanoparticles in enhancing targeted and controlled drug delivery. Advances in surface modification techniques and stimuli-responsive designs have improved site-specific drug release and therapeutic efficacy, while combination therapies leveraging biobased nanocarriers address challenges like multidrug resistance. Pulmonary and personalized medicine applications highlight their versatility in achieving localized delivery and tailoring treatments to individual patient profiles. Despite challenges in large-scale production, stability, and regulatory approval, ongoing innovations in green synthesis, multifunctionality, and nanocarrier optimization position biobased nanomaterials to revolutionize drug delivery. Their integration into next-generation therapeutics promises improved clinical outcomes and a sustainable approach to precision medicine. This review emphasizes the eco-friendly, biocompatible, and biodegradable nature of biobased nanomaterials, addressing the urgent need for safer and more sustainable drug delivery platforms in modern medicine.