Franz Kafka is recognized as one of the leading writers of contemporary German literature. His life and work continue to attract the attention of researchers, literature and the art world. This study aims to reveal Kafka's character structure and the spiritual atmosphere in his works with a collective approach using hermeneutic and psychoanalytic methodologies through his novels The Castle, The Trial and The Metamorphosis, which are among his well-known works. Without evaluating the novels one by one, the images that are considered within the framework of the general atmosphere of the novels are interpreted with a collective and holistic perspective. Kafka includes basic existential feelings such as anxiety and alienation that are unique to humans in his works, and he fictionalizes characters who try to hold on to life and give it meaning. He brings together real and fantastic elements in his works. He skillfully depicts how the social problems of the modern world turn into a hopeless and merciless scene for people. The messages he gives in his works transform him into a writer who transcends his time and makes it permanent and up to date. Although his friends reported that he was an extremely cheerful and relaxed person, Kafka's personality and character structure are not reflected in his works, and even conflict with the subjects and atmosphere he deals with in his works.
Sabri Balta (Thu,) studied this question.