The article explores the contemporary art ecosystem in Milan, Italy, with a focus on the interdependencies between independent art spaces and cultural institutions. It aims to understand the role of independent organizations within this ecosystem and to contribute to broader debates on urban cultural governance. We argue that the contemporary art ecosystem is structured by power dynamics, and that the very notion of independence is normative and performative, since it both reflects and shapes power relations. Drawing on two sets of empirical data collected through interviews and focus groups conducted with local key actors, we analyze the complex relationships between independent art spaces and institutions. Our findings reveal that independent art spaces are both recognized as integral parts of the ecosystem and engage in a range of strategies to either collaborate with, or maintain autonomy from, institutional actors. This study contributes to ongoing discussions on cultural production and power in contemporary urban settings. Furthermore, it addresses a gap in the literature by focusing on the relational dynamics between independent art spaces and institutions, and more broadly informs research on urban development and governance.
Manzano et al. (Sat,) studied this question.