Optimization strategy of orderly charging for electric vehicles based on V2G technology

Abstract The accelerating adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has created operational pressures for modern power grids, where unregulated charging patterns amplify daily load variations and threaten system stability. To address these challenges, this study develops a coordinated charging framework leveraging bidirectional vehicle-to-grid (V2G) capabilities. Our methodology combines stochastic load modeling through Monte Carlo simulation with a dual-objective optimization approach targeting grid load smoothing and consumer cost reduction. Experimental validation demonstrates that the proposed solution achieves 11.6-11.8% peak-to-valley load reduction across 20-40% penetration rates, enhancing grid reliability and operational efficiency.