The information on the seasonal variability of the chemical composition of the Arctic rivers is necessary for the proper assessment of the status of river runoff and the influence of anthropogenic and natural factors. Spring freshet is an especially important period for the Arctic rivers with a sharp maximum of water discharge. The Kolyma River is the least studied large river with a basin located solely in the permafrost zone. The change in the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), major, trace, and rare earth (RE) elements was studied at the peak and waning of the spring freshet of 2024 in the lower reaches of the Kolyma River. The concentration of elements was determined in filtrates 0.45 μm. The content of coarse colloids (0.05–0.45 μm) was estimated by the intensity of dynamic light scattering (DLS). It was shown that the freshet peak is characterized by a minimal specific conductivity, concentration of major cations, and chemical elements migrating mainly in solution (Li, Sr, and Ba). During the freshet decline, the concentration of these elements increases with dynamics depending on the water exchange. The waters from the Kolyma River main stream have a maximal content of coarse colloids and concentration of 0.45 μm) of the Kolyma River is rather stable during the high-water period. The relative stability in the chemical composition of the suspended solids means that the content of the suspension and not its composition is the key to the share of dissolved and suspended forms of chemical elements in the Kolyma River runoff.
Shulkin et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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