This is our 2025 3rd International Conference on Company Management, Accounting and Marketing (CMAM 2025) which was held in Munich, Germany during June 28-29, 2025. This conference is an annual conference in the fields of company management, business statistics, economic systems, entrepreneurship, finance, investment, accounting, and marketing strategies that provides researchers and industry practitioners with a broader international forum to share their new ideas, original research results and practical development experience. We believe that the participants of CMAM 2025 have gained knowledge and built networking with all researchers in the same field. We also hope this collection of papers can benefit the readers and continue to play a large part in the future of conferences. We ensure that a thorough peer review process was carried out and administered by the proceedings editors. The organizers would like to thank the technical committee and expert reviewers for realizing this proceedings publication. We also thank the local organizers and conference office. They were very committed and worked hard in making this conference a success. Last but not least, we wish to thank all the participants who contributed and attended the conference which made the conference a successful event. CMAM 2025 Organizing Committees Munich, Germany
Bartholomew et al. (Thu,) studied this question.