The 2025 4th International Conference on Image Processing and Intelligent Information Systems (IPIIS 2025) was successfully held in Edinburgh, United Kingdom during May 03-04, 2025. In the context of the conference, scholars, and experts in the fields of image processing and intelligent information systems, involved both in experimental and theoretical research, were invited from various universities and institutions. The main goal of IPIIS 2025 was to present the related research work, to promote the cooperation of experts and scholars, to share the research achievements both on a national and international level. This collection of proceedings compiles oral and paper presentations submitted by the authors and scrutinized by the editorial committee. Due to the large number of attendees, the conference was separated into main and parallel sessions. Each plenary speaker gave an oral presentation of 30-40 minutes accompanied by his slides' material, allocated for questions and discussion. The organizing and editorial committees of IPIIS 2025 hope you can enjoy the reading of this volume. Additionally, we want to thank all authors and participants for providing their valuable contributions for these proceedings, as well as the reviewers for their constructive recommendations and feedback aiding to improve the presented articles. IPIIS Organizing Committee Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Macaulay et al. (Sat,) studied this question.
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