Sustainable Development in the Construction Industry: A Review of Biochar's Impact on Concrete Performance

The building sector is a significant contributor to global carbon emissions, leading to an increase in global temperature. Embracing sustainable practices and minimizing environmental impacts in this industry is crucial. Biochar, a carbon-rich material derived from biomass carbonization, can decrease the carbon footprint of concrete through carbon sequestration. This study examines how different types of biochar, when substituted for cement, affect the fresh and hardened properties of concrete. This study explored potential advantages, including enhanced strength and improved sound and thermal insulation. It also addresses possible drawbacks such as reduced strength and workability at high replacement levels, increased water penetration, and shrinkage. Analysis of the collected data suggests that an optimal biochar dosage of approximately 5% is necessary to enhance mechanical properties. The characteristics of concrete containing biochar are influenced by factors such as the biochar content, fineness, chemical composition, production method, and temperature. This study recommends further investigation into life cycle assessment and cost-effective biochar production techniques to fully harness the potential of biochar for a more environmentally friendly construction industry.