Collection samples of winter triticale in arid conditions of the central region of the Samara region

Studies on the isolation and creation of hybrid populations and genetic sources of economically useful traits from the available collection varieties of triticale were placed in a clean pair in a long-term hospital of the laboratory of genetics and breeding of wheat on common chernozem in 2022-2024. When studying 247 samples from the Krasnodar Territory, Rostov, Moscow regions, France, Sweden, Romania, etc., the average grain yield was 3.54-4.98 t/ha. There was no significant excess over the standard (4.98 t/ha). The varieties Spika, Kapella, Donskoy 2 and Ustinya were slightly inferior to the standard by 0.14-0.26 t/ha (2.9-5.5%). Valuable samples with separate complexes of economically valuable signs and properties have been identified in the research. Stress-resistant varieties: Arcturus, Spica, Capella, Ustinya, Donskoy 4, Donskoy 2, Donskoy 5, Tornado, Pyryevka, Leader, AD 3982, Pushkinsky 69/3 (-1.20...-2.03). A lower percentage of depression was noted in the varieties Krokha, Spika, Arcturus, Capella, Donskoy 2, Vocaliz, Bard, Dokuchaevsky 13, AD 3982 (14.4-29.3%). Plastic, stress-resistant varieties with low depression Arcturus, Spica, Capella, Donskoy 2. According to the complex of signs of structural analysis, in arid conditions, 4 varieties were identified: Capella, Dokuchaevsky 5, Ustinya, Donskoy 2. Correlation analysis shows that with high average yields, depression of varieties increases; with lodging, the weight of 1000 grains decreases and the coefficient of economic efficiency of the ear; the longer the ear, the more spikelets, grains in it, the greater the mass of grain from the ear and the lower its density.