This study aims to analyze the influence of Human Development Index (HDI) components on Indonesia’s economic growth in 2023. The HDI comprises three main indicators: Life Expectancy (LE), Mean Years of Schooling (MYS), and Expenditure per Capita (EC). A descriptive quantitative approach was employed, using multiple linear regression based on cross-sectional data from 34 Indonesian provinces. The results show that MYS has a positive and significant effect on economic growth, indicating that improvements in education quality directly contribute to labor productivity and efficiency. Conversely, EC has a negative and significant effect, suggesting that current consumer spending is not being channeled into productive sectors. Meanwhile, LE, for both males and females, does not have a significant effect on economic growth. The coefficient of determination (R²) is 11.6%, indicating that most of the variation in economic growth is explained by other external factors. These findings highlight that while education plays a significant role, the health and standard of living indicators have yet to optimally support economic growth. Therefore, a comprehensive and integrated policy synergy across the three HDI indicators is essential to improve societal welfare and promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth in Indonesia.
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Tatang Sukma Wijaya
Kikin Windhani
Jenderal Soedirman University
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Wijaya et al. (Tue,) studied this question.
synapsesocial.com/papers/68af63d7ad7bf08b1eae3a5b — DOI: https://doi.org/10.32424/icsema.1.1.422