Objective: To compare “retinal nerve fiber layer” (RNFL) and “macular thickness” in unilateral anisometropic and strabismic amblyopia using “optical coherence tomography” (OCT). Study Design & Setting: Descriptive cross sectional study with purposive sampling technique. Department of Ophthalmology, Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan, July–December 2023. Methodology: A total of 54 patients with anisometropic (n=27) or monocular strabismic (n=27) amblyopia with bestcorrected visual acuity of 20/40 to 20/400 were included. Patients with refractive errors =5 diopters or axial length differences =1 mm were excluded. OCT was used to measure peripapillary RNFL and macular thickness in amblyopic and fellow eyes. Results: The mean age of the patients was 10 ± 3.1 years 8.9 ± 3.7 years in the anisometropic group and in the strabismic group respevtively. Anisometropic amblyopic eyes had significantly increased macular thickness (224.5 ± 48.7ìm) compared to fellow eyes (207.5 ± 34.2ìm) (P=.002), with no significant RNFL difference (P=.55). Macular and RNFL thickness differences between amblyopic and the other eyes in the strabismic group were not statistically significant (P=.07 and .52). No significant differences were observed between anisometropic and strabismic amblyopic eyes. Conclusion: Anisometropic amblyopia is associated with increased macular thickness, whereas strabismic amblyopia shows no significant change. Amblyopia does not appear to affect peripapillary RNFL thickness in either group
Hamza et al. (Tue,) studied this question.