Traditional systems of verification and validation of certificates are prone to misuse, misplacement and inefficiency. These systems require manual verification and are time-consuming and error-prone. The article presents a Blockchain-Based Certificate Validation System that guarantees Security, transparency and permanency in the validation of certificates. Using a smart contract and a decentralised store, certificates are issued and stored securely in a tamper-proof ledger, eliminating the need for third-party dependence and reducing the time taken to verify. The system utilises Ethereum for smart contracts, IPFS for decentralised storage, and cryptographic hashing for data integrity. Gas fee optimisation techniques are used for minimising costs and ensuring secure and verifiable certificate issuance while improving transaction efficiency. A combination of on-chain and off-chain storage is used to reduce blockchain congestion and enhance scalability. By achieving a substantial improvement in cost efficiency, reliability and availability, this approach provides an affordable and secure solution for academic institutions, employers and government departments. Combining blockchain technology with digital credential verification improves trust among all the stakeholders and creates a secure, unchangeable, and scalable basis for modern digital certification.
Sruthi et al. (Wed,) studied this question.