Sleep and depression are known to be related in patients with fibromyalgia but the strength of this association is not well defined. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the association between subjective and objective sleep parameters with depression and to quantitatively summarize the results. Five English databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar) were systematically searched for studies published between January 2000 and March 2025. Statistical analyses were performed using MedCalc software. 28 studies matched the inclusion criteria, with a total sample size of 3,027 patients. Of these, 14 studies were included in the meta-analysis evaluating the association between PSQI and depression, which revealed a weakly positive association pooled correlation coefficient r = 0.353 (95% CI: 0.264 to 0.435). In the meta-analysis of two PSG studies, TST showed a weak, non-significant inverse relationship with depression (r = -0.09). Other parameters WASO, sleep latency, sleep efficiency and % REM sleep also showed no significant associations. These PSG related findings remain non-conclusive and warrant further investigation. This meta-analysis highlights that there is a weak to moderate level of positive association between subjective sleep quality and depression in patients with fibromyalgia. High-quality PSG studies are needed to clarify the relationship of PSG parameters with depression.
Nishat et al. (Mon,) studied this question.