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This is a Systematic Review study (also classified as: Meta-Analysis).

September 5, 2025Open Access

Loneliness, Social Isolation, and Social Support and the Development of Type II Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Key Points

Higher loneliness significantly increases risk for developing type 2 diabetes, revealing psychosocial importance in metabolic health.
Individuals with low workplace social support face a 1.18 times higher risk for type 2 diabetes, indicating social connections matter.
The systematic review synthesized data across 18 studies, focusing on social factors influencing type 2 diabetes development.
Findings suggest interventions to reduce loneliness may improve community health and diabetes prevention efforts.

Abstract

BACKGROUND 95% CI: 1.21—1.34) or low workplace social support (RR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.06—1.32) had a significantly higher risk of developing T2DM compared to those reporting no loneliness or high workplace support. Positive but non-significant associations were observed for social isolation (RR = 1.21; 95% CI: 0.98—1.49), low structural support (RR = 1.10; 95% CI: 0.98—1.23), and low functional support (RR = 1.03; 95% CI: 0.99—1.08). CONCLUSIONS: These findings emphasize the importance of social connections in metabolic health, suggesting that interventions aimed at reducing loneliness and strengthening social and workplace support may play a role in diabetes prevention efforts.

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