The recent worldwide turbulence of events from the pandemic lockdown through increased industrial digitization to geopolitical unease shifted towards new primary targets for the latest generation of DDoS threats. Although certain characteristics of current DDoS attack patterns existed before the pandemic or the cloud platform boom, they have now gained prominence and reached their current level of sophistication. In addition to employing innovative methods and tools, the frequency, scale, and complexity of these attacks have also experienced a significant surge. The amalgamation of diverse attack vectors has paved the way for multi-vector attacks, incorporating a distinctive combination of L3–L7 attacking profiles. The integration of the hit-and-run strategy with the multi-vector approach has notably bolstered the success rate. This paper centers around two main aspects. Firstly, it explores the characteristics of the most recent DDoS attacks identified within actual data center infrastructures. To underscore the changes in attack profiles, we reference samples collected recently from diverse data center networks. Secondly, it offers an extensive overview of the cutting-edge methods and techniques for detecting and mitigating recent attacks. The paper places particular emphasis on the precision and speed of these detection and mitigation approaches, predominantly those related to networking. Additionally, we establish criteria, both quantitative and qualitative, to aid in the development of detection methods capable of addressing the latest threat profiles.
Orosz et al. (Mon,) studied this question.