Advances in technology have driven the need for efficient water management systems. This study presents a SCADA-based water management system that integrates LabVIEW and Arduino to monitor and regulate water levels and flow rates in a storage tank. The system uses an HC-SRF04 ultrasonic sensor for water level measurement with 99.77% accuracy and an HX710 pressure sensor, which achieves 98.54% accuracy. The LabVIEW interface displays real-time data, giving users an intuitive view of system performance. A proportional integral derivative (PID) algorithm optimizes the water pump through pulse width modulation (PWM), achieving water flow rate control. The Ziegler-Nichols method tunes the PID parameters to Kp = 16.59, Ti = 1.102, and Td = 0.2755. This tuning ensures the system maintains a consistent target flow rate of 4 liters per minute (L/min) with minimal variation. Initial testing showed a 2.5% overshoot but stabilized at the desired flow rate within 10 seconds, indicating effective control. This SCADA system reduces water and energy waste by enabling continuous real-time monitoring and control. The system provides accurate data through a LabVIEW interface, ensuring effective and informed operational decisions. This robust solution supports efficient water management for industrial and environmental applications, contributing to sustainability and resource optimization.
Kartika et al. (Mon,) studied this question.