The Effect of Human Development Index (HDI), Population, Unemployment Rate and GRDP on Poverty Level in 2017-2023 (Study of 10 Big Cities in Java Island)

This study aims to examine the influence of the Human Development Index (HDI), unemployment rate, population, and Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) on poverty levels in 10 major cities in Java. The data used are secondary data spanning 2017-2023. The analysis was conducted using a panel data regression method with a Random Effect Model (REM) in the cities of Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, Bekasi, Tangerang, Depok, Semarang, Bogor, Malang, and Tasikmalaya. The results show that partially, the HDI and population variables do not have a significant effect on poverty levels, while the unemployment rate and GRDP have a positive and significant effect on poverty in these cities.