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This is a Cross-Sectional study.

September 10, 2025Open Access

Clinical and biochemical profile in adolescent and adult polycystic ovary syndrome patients

BBBakht BabarHayatabad Medical Complex GFGhulam FarooqHayatabad Medical Complex MMMisbah ManzoorHayatabad Medical Complex

Key Points

Adolescents with PCOS show lower BMI and more menstrual irregularities compared to adults, indicating differing clinical features among age groups.
Insulin resistance was found in 56.7% of PCOS patients, associated with higher fasting insulin and HOMA-IR values, highlighting a critical metabolic risk.
Cross-sectional methodology evaluated clinical and biochemical parameters across two distinct age groups of PCOS patients at a tertiary care hospital.
Findings emphasize the importance of early identification and management of metabolic risks in PCOS, particularly among adolescents.

Abstract

Objective: To compare the clinical and biochemical profiles of adolescent and adult patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and to evaluate the impact of insulin resistance on metabolic parameters. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital from June to December 2024. A total of 150 PCOS patients, diagnosed using the Rotterdam criteria, were included. Clinical features (BMI, menstrual irregularities, hirsutism and family history) and biochemical parameters (fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, lipid profile and hormone levels) were analyzed. Patients were stratified into insulin-resistant and non-insulin-resistant groups for comparison. Insulin resistance was defined using HOMA-IR cut off value of more than 2.5. Results: Adolescents had lower BMI (25.5 ± 3.8 vs. 29.1 ± 4.9 kg/m², p < 0.001) and more frequent menstrual irregularities (90.7% vs. 49.3%, p < 0.001) than adults. Insulin resistance was observed in 85 (56.7%) patients and was associated with significantly higher fasting insulin (18.2 ± 4.8 vs. 9.8 ± 2.9 µU/mL, p < 0.001), HOMA-IR (4.8 ± 1.2 vs. 2.3 ± 0.6, p < 0.001) and higher LDL with lower HDL levels. Conclusions: Significant age-related differences in clinical and biochemical profiles exist among PCOS patients, along with insulin resistance status. Early identification of metabolic risks is crucial for timely intervention.

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