Analysis Of Risk Management Human Error Factors For Efficient Crisis Response Strategies Of Security Organizations - Focusing On Risk Avoidance And Risk Control

This study aims to identify and analyze the Human Factors that hinder Risk Avoidance and Risk Control activities in the field of Security, from both empirical and environmental perspectives. The ultimate goal is to establish a strategic foundation to enhance the Risk Management capabilities of Security organizations by overcoming the limitations of conventional equipment- and technique-centered approaches. The research was carried out through three main approaches. First, in-depth interviews and surveys were conducted with field Security personnel with over five years of experience to empirically identify Human Factor-related causes affecting Risk Avoidance and Risk Control. Second, six major domestic and international Security failure cases were analyzed using ergonomics-based methods such as Variation Tree Analysis (VTA) and the Why-Why technique to uncover Human Factors within environmental contexts. Third, empirical findings and case analyses were cross-compared, and Grounded Theory Methodology was applied to structure causal conditions, contextual factors, intervening conditions, and action/interaction strategies. The results revealed that in Risk Avoidance activities, major Human Factors included lack of site reconnaissance, insufficient budget and professional personnel, complacency, and inadequate distribution of responsibilities. In Risk Control activities, key issues were lack of individual response capabilities, absence of external cooperation, and unclear command structures. Notably, the personal condition of Security personnel, their sense of crisis, and the internal responsibility structure had a significant impact on Risk Management effectiveness. In conclusion, this study offers a Human Factor-centered reinterpretation of risks in Security operations, providing actionable strategies for crisis response. By integrating ergonomics with Security studies, it delivers a comprehensive framework for understanding risk at both cognitive and organizational levels. These findings are expected to serve as foundational material for the development of future Security doctrines and contribute to the establishment of Risk Management-oriented Security strategies.