Investigation of Landslide Mechanism in the Balaban Landslide Area Using 3d Numerical Modelling

Landslides are among the most widespread natural disasters worldwide, triggered by various factors such as steep slopes, heavy rainfall, seismic activities, and human-induced modifications. These events often cause severe damage to infrastructure, including roads, dams, tunnels, and other engineering structures, leading to significant economic losses and posing serious safety risks. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of landslide mechanisms is essential for developing reliable engineering solutions and effective risk mitigation strategies. The occurrence of landslides is primarily influenced by factors such as rock and soil properties, fluctuations in groundwater levels, and external loading conditions. To accurately assess these effects, advanced numerical modeling techniques are required. In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) numerical modeling approach was employed to analyze the stability and failure mechanisms of the Balaban landslide area. Various geological, geotechnical, and hydrological parameters were incorporated into the model to accurately represent real site conditions. The study involved the assessment of landslide behavior through a computational model developed using field data. The analyses were conducted using the Finite Element Method (FEM) with PLAXIS 3D software. Unlike two-dimensional (2D) analysis methods, which evaluate stability along a single cross-section, 3D modeling allows for a volumetric assessment of the entire landslide mass. This approach provides a more comprehensive understanding of the geotechnical behavior of the landslide-affected region and enhances the reliability of the obtained results. Particularly in landslides with complex geometries, 3D modeling ensures more realistic simulations and improves the accuracy of risk assessments in engineering projects. The findings of this study contribute significantly to the assessment of landslide hazards, improving the precision of risk analyses and aiding in the design of appropriate engineering measures. The results highlight the effectiveness of 3D numerical modeling in providing more reliable insights into landslide behavior and its potential for broader applications in geotechnical engineering projects.