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September 10, 2025Open Access

Profile of Clinical and Bacteriological Findings in Diabetic Foot Infections at a Tertiary Care Centre, 2025

AAAhmad AbaidallaOmar Al-Mukhtar University

Key Points

Diabetic foot infections significantly contribute to morbidity, resulting in hospitalizations and potential amputations.
The study involved 52 diabetic patients with elevated HbA1c and presenting with severe infections according to Wegener grade.
Microbiological methods were employed to identify bacterial isolates and their sensitivities to various antibiotics.
Findings highlight the need for guideline development for empirical antibiotic treatment based on local bacterial profiles.

Abstract

Diabetic foot infections are a serious global health concern and a common occurrence in daily life. One of the primary reasons why diabetes individuals experience morbidity is diabetic foot infections (DFIs), which frequently necessitate hospitalization and may even result in amputation. The objective of this study was to identify the most frequent cause of diabetic foot infections and ulcers, treat them with the appropriate antibiotic, and reduce the need for amputation. Additionally, depending on sensitivity and culture, we should establish guidelines for the administration of an empirical antibiotic regimen in our area. Fifty-two individuals with diabetes have been selected using a convenience sampling strategy from the emergency room (ER) and clinics. The diagnosis of type 2 diabetes can be detected in patients with elevated HbA1c (> 7%), elevated blood glucose levels (fasting blood glucose > 100 mg/dl and random blood glucose > 180 mg/dl), and presenting with infection according to Wegener grade 2–5,13 wounds, and have not yet received systemic antibiotic therapy within a week. Both aerobic and anaerobic microbiological methods were used to collect and cultivate the culture specimens. The isolates' sensitivity to widely used antibiotic treatment was examined. The most sensitive antibiotics to the Klebsiella organism were ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, chloramphenicol, and meropenem. The most sensitive antibiotics to Staphylococcus organisms included amikacin, imipenem, rifampin, cefoxitin, doxycycline, nitrocefin, and levofloxacin. The antibiotics that are most sensitive to the Escherichia coli organism were Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Tetracycline, Gentamicin, Cephalexin, Vancomycin, and Meropenem. The antibiotic that was most sensitive to Serratia organisms was chloramphenicol. Gram-positive bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus or polymicrobial infections were the primary causes of diabetic foot infections

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