Background: The ovary is a vital organ of the female reproductive system, responsible for hormone production and the regulation of fertility. Ovarian lesions encompass a wide spectrum, ranging from non-neoplastic to neoplastic conditions that vary in presentation, prognosis and treatment. Due to the lack of specific symptoms in early stages, ovarian malignancies are often detected late, affecting overall outcomes. Histopathological analysis plays a pivotal role in the accurate diagnosis and categorization of ovarian lesions. A retrospective study was Methods: carried out in the Department of Pathology, GMERS Medical College and Hospital, Gotri, Vadodara (Gujarat), over a two-year period from April 2023 to March 2025. A total of 100 ovarian specimens were analyzed through gross examination and routine hematoxylin and eosin(H&E) staining. Cases were evaluated based on clinical history, age distribution, lesion type, frequency, and laterality. Among the 100 cases, 93% Results: were unilateral and 7% bilateral. Non-neoplastic cysts constituted the majority (60%), followed by benign neoplasms (36%), and borderline and malignant tumors (4%). The most affected age group was 40–59 years, accounting for 64% of the cases. Conclusion: Ovarian lesions, both nonneoplastic and neoplastic, present a diverse range of morphological patterns and are often associated with specific age-related incidence trends. Histopathology plays a crucial role in differentiating between non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions, particularly in identifying malignant changes early, thereby facilitating timely and effective treatment.
Bhalodi et al. (Fri,) studied this question.