The increasing adoption of agroecological systems requires a deeper understanding of soil biology, particularly microbial enzymatic activity, which is a key element in nutrient dynamics and availability. Enzymes produced by soil bacteria, such as urease, phosphatase, and β-glucosidase, directly participate in the transformation of organic matter into plant-assimilable forms. This literature review aims to gather and analyze recent scientific evidence on the role of bacterial enzymatic activity in soils managed under agroecological practices, discussing its implications for nutrient cycling and agricultural sustainability. The reviewed studies indicate that practices such as organic fertilization, cover cropping, and crop rotation favor the functional biodiversity of soils, enhancing enzymatic activity and the efficiency of biogeochemical processes. It is concluded that valuing the microbiological and biochemical aspects of soils is fundamental for the development of sustainable agricultural practices.
Silva et al. (Sat,) studied this question.