This narrative review provides an overview of dengue epidemiology in Brazil from 1986 to 2024, drawing from peer-reviewed literature, Brazilian Ministry of Health reports, WHO publications, and Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN) data. Dengue virus (DENV) is endemic in Brazil, with all four serotypes circulating, leading to recurring epidemic outbreaks. Factors such as urbanization, inadequate sanitation, and climate change have exacerbated the spread of Aedes aegypti, the primary vector. Brazil experiences cyclical transmission patterns, with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in the Southeast, Central-West, and Northeast regions. The Brazilian government and non-governmental organizations have implemented comprehensive public health campaigns and education efforts to enhance dengue prevention and control strategies. The review provides a broad perspective on epidemiological trends, public health impacts, control strategies, and vaccination efforts, with emphasis on recent developments. Sustained efforts in disease surveillance, vector control, and healthcare accessibility are essential for effective management of both endemic transmission and epidemic outbreaks.
Sabri Saeed Sanabani (Sat,) studied this question.