International standards on combating corruption and their impact on the effectiveness of national legislation

International legal acts establish a common understanding of corruption and define standards for its criminalization, making it impossible to distort or dilute individual signs of corruption in legislation. International standards in the field of combating corruption have a certain peculiarity. Some specialized standards developed by the IMF and GRECO, which provide for clear changes to the anti-corruption legislation of participating states and use political and other mechanisms of influence for their implementation, are generally international standards of a special kind (sui generis). The impact of international anti-corruption standards on the effectiveness of legislation is achieved through the introduction of effective mechanisms for its implementation (through the activities of anti-corruption bodies) and the introduction of directions for the development of law-making, the formation of value orientations in its implementation. A special role in ensuring the effective implementation of anti-corruption legislation is played by a Group of States against Corruption - GRECO, using legislative evaluation processes, helps to identify deficiencies in national anti-corruption policies and encourages states to adopt necessary, effective legislative, institutional, and practical reforms. International anti-corruption standards can be divided according to their impact on the effectiveness of national legislation into: standards for the formation of anti-corruption infrastructure, which, in particular, determine the activities of state anti-corruption bodies; standards for countering corruption in legislation, which relate to determining directions for lawmaking and the activities of various state institutions, the powers of officials, and their duties. International standards for combating corruption and its manifestations are designed to equalize the capabilities of different legal systems and ensure a certain minimum level of development of anti-corruption legislation, ensuring its effectiveness, not just formal development and adoption. Such standards, formalized in various acts of international organizations and international agreements, are not a guaranteed way to overcome corruption, because the decisive factor is the level of their implementation in national legislation, which demonstrates the real intentions of the authorities to fight corruption and counteract its manifestations.