The Role of Political Leaders in Changing National Political Systems in Transitional Periods

The article explores the significance of Kyrgyzstan’s political leaders in the formation of the Kyrgyz Soviet Socialist Republic between 1917 and 1938. Through critical analysis of historical sources and a comparison of key figures, the study highlights the essential role these leaders played in shaping the modern Kyrgyz state. As a result of the conducted research, it was established that the role of a political leader in transitional periods of history was often decisive. The presence of certain qualities in a political leader, such as military and diplomatic abilities, administrative and reform skills, determined the implementation of the political vision. The defining transitional period in the history of Kyrgyzstan, marked by the creation of the first Kyrgyz national state formation, was 1917-1938. The political leaders who played a key role in this historical process were Abdykerim Sydykov, Jusup Abdrakhmanov, Imanaly Aidarbekov, and Abdykadyr Orozbekov. These leaders led the process of establishing the Kyrgyz Soviet Socialist Republic, with Abdykadyr Orozbekov serving as its first leader. These political leaders demonstrated diplomatic skills and managed to reach necessary compromises with the central authorities in Moscow. Their efforts were pivotal in establishing Kyrgyzstan as a national entity within the Soviet Union. They championed national self-determination, modernization, and educational reform, laying the foundation for the future development of the country. The study’s findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how political leadership influenced the creation of Soviet Kyrgyzstan and suggest directions for further research into leadership roles in state formation.