Thiazole‐Based Azo Dyes: Synthetic Strategies, Spectral Characteristics, and Emerging Applications

Abstract An important subclass of azo chemicals is thiazole‐based azo dyes, which involve a synergistic interaction between the thiazole ring and the azo bond. Azo‐thiazole dye is a well‐known example of the push–pull effect that exerted by the substituents present across the azo linkage exert. These substituents greatly influence the dye's spectral properties, including bathochromic shift, and their solvent‐induced interactions, such as solute–solvent and solute–solute interactions, and are responsible for improving the molecular stability of a dye. Furthermore, the azo‐thiazole dye's color strength, fastness characteristics, and photophysical response have been examined in relation to the possible tautomerism and isomerization occurrences. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that azo‐thiazole dyes can be used in a variety of domains, including advanced materials, pH‐sensitive systems, textile dyeing, and nonlinear optics. As a thorough resource for researchers those are working for flourishing development of fundamentals as well as synthetic strategies of dyes, and materialistic explorations of these dyes, this review attempts to present an up‐to‐date, critical compilation of recent advancement in thiazole‐based azo dyes.