Misuse and Abuse of Prescription Drugs: Loopholes in NDPS Regulation

Prescription drug misuse in India is an emerging public health and legal challenge, particularly involving substances such as Tramadol, Alprazolam, and Codeine-based cough syrups. These drugs, while medically essential, are increasingly misused for recreational purposes and easily diverted into the black market due to regulatory loopholes. Despite existing frameworks under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act, 1985, and the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940, enforcement remains fragmented and reactive. This paper explores the socio-legal dimensions of prescription drug abuse, identifies weaknesses in current regulation, and suggests actionable reforms. Using case studies, policy analysis, and international comparisons, the study emphasizes the urgent need for integrated monitoring and balanced regulatory mechanisms