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September 16, 2025Open Access

Prehistoric communities of the Altai and Gobi in the light of Mongolian-Polish research in south-central Mongolia

JSJózef SzykulskiInstitute of Archaeology MMMirosław MasojćUniversity of Wrocław БГБ. ГунчинсуренMongolian Academy of Sciences

Key Points

The research findings highlight human adaptation to climate change during the Paleolithic era in Mongolia.
Excavations revealed lithic workshops and sites that provide insight into prehistoric communities' lifestyles.
Paleoenvironment reconstruction shows climatic shifts from the Last Glacial Period to the Holocene.
Fieldwork was conducted in the Gobi-Altai region, covering significant archaeological locations in south-central Mongolia.

Abstract

This article summarizes the results of research conducted by the Mongolian-Polish archaeological expedition in south-central Mongolia (Ömnögovĭ and Övorkhangai aimags) in the Gobi-Altai region between 2016 and 2025. The work focused on the complex of Paleolithic sites and a siliceous rock outcrop with lithic workshops, such as Tsakhiurtyn Hundi (Flint Valley). This research aimed to reconstruct the paleoenvironment and human adaptation to climate change in this area from the Last Glacial Period to the late Holocene.

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